Gene Lu

The Hamburg Cell
Thursday, 25 March 2010

Objective
Create a network diagram to show the relationships among 9/11 hijackers using the information provided in the 9/11 Commission Report.

Initial Sketches
My research focused mainly on "The Hamburg Contingent" [pg 160-169] in the 9/11 Commission Report along with some additional digging on the interwebs to fill in some gaps. While going through the report and familiarizing myself with the stories of each terrorist, my initial ideas centered around the timeline of each of the core members of the Hamburg Cell. The core members were Mohamed Atta, Ramzi Binalshibh, Marwan al Shehhi, and Ziad Jarrah.

Initial sketches after my first pass through the reading
Initial sketches after my first pass through the reading

After reading and rereading "The Hamburg Contingent," I wanted to illustrate the months after the formation of the Hamburg Cell leading into the 9/11 attacks. Fortunately, this focus eliminated a lot of the extraneous information presented and simplified the amount of data required to present a meaningful story through a network diagram.

First Version
In this first version, I wanted to focus on the story by de-emphasizing on the quantatitive aspects such as time and place. I also wanted to experiment with a hand-drawn version of the network diagram in order to evoke a stronger reaction.

1st Version Hand-Drawn Network Diagram
1st Version Hand-Drawn Network Diagram. I agree, it's a bit overboard.

First Version Feedback
Some people thought that the diagram went a bit overboard in telling the story while others thought that it lacked key information at each of the nodes. I agree.

More Sketches
In order to make this diagram a bit more meaningful, I decided to factor back in time and place, which meant, more research. What I found to be most useful on this second try was to sketch the diagram as I reread the relevant sections of the 9/11 report. Googling each of the members also helped to clarify the individual stories.

What's a design to do without a whiteboard wall?
What's a design to do without a whiteboard wall?

A couple of parts of the diagram get pretty complex such as when the core members enter Pakistan and then into Afghanistan.

Once 3 of the 4 core members enter Pakistan, things get complex
Once 3 of the 4 core members enter Pakistan, things get complex

Final Version
Below is the final version of the network diagram. Although the illustration is not as literal as the first version, the concept is still embodied in this final version (albeit it's a bit more abstract). I've also "enhanced" certain areas to show some of the complexity involved in the connections between the nodes.

A refined version of the previous diagram
A refined version of the previous diagram
The dotted line means that the person is bypassing that area
Dotted line means that the person bypasses that area

Milind Shah
Great infographic Gene, this is an excellent depiction of events in a form that is extremely easy to absorb. Really great work.
Gene
@Milind Thanks Mil. Working through the multiple iterations really helped make the graph more informative.
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